Efektifitas Son-Rise Program dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Bahasa, Sosial Komunikasi pada Anak Autis

Authors

  • Asep Supena Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Nuryanti Nuryanti Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Karnadi Karnadi Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i4.964

Keywords:

Autis, Bahasa, Sosial Komunikasi, Son-Rise

Abstract

Anak autis memiliki kesulitan dalam membangun interaksi dan mempertahankan interaksi dengan orang lain seperti kontak mata dan atensi. Mengupayakan perkembangan keterampilan bahasa dan sosial anak autis sangat penting untuk memberikan makna pada setiap keinginan dan kebutuhan yang dimiliki oleh anak tersebut dengan cara humanis, sehingga kegiatan menyenangkan saat dilakukan. Metode penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan subjek tunggal yaitu anak perempuan usia 4 tahun 7 bulan yang didiagnosis sebagai penyandang ASD dan kegiatan dilakukan 20 sesi pertemuan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung dan wawancara semi terstruktur dengan orang tua . Melalui analisis statistik deskriptif, hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada peningkatan kemampuan bahasa dan sosial komunikasi pada anak autis, tampak anak memiliki kesadaran lingkungan lebih baik, memiliki inisiatif membangun interaksi dengan lingkungan, lebih aktif dan partisipatif dalam pembelajaran serta menunjukkan keceriaan dalam setiap kegiatan. Hanya saja keterbatasan dalam penelitian ini adalah keterlibatan orang tua  untuk melanjutkan kegiatan di rumah belum konsisten.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Nuryanti Nuryanti, Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Ortopedagog, Therapeutic Play Practitioner, Co-founder & Lead Therapist Drisana Center

References

Arikunto, S. (2003). Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktik. Rineka Cipta.

Astana, A. C., Syafrina, R., & Karnadi, K. (2020). Pengaruh Pretend Play dan Jenis Kelamin terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Divergen Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun. In Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 4, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v4i2.417

Bharatharaj, J., Huang, L., Krägeloh, C., Elara, M. R., & Al-Jumaily, A. (2018). Social engagement of children with autism spectrum disorder in interaction with a parrot-inspired therapeutic robot. In Procedia Computer Science (Vol. 133). Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2018.07.045

Charman, T. (2010). Developmental approaches to understanding and treating autism. Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica, 62(4), 166-177. https://doi.org/10.1159/000314032

Chenausky, K., Brignell, A., Morgan, A., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2019). Motor speech impairment predicts expressive language in minimally verbal, but not low verbal, individuals with autism spectrum disorder. In Autism & Developmental Language Impairments (Vol. 4). https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519856333

Choque Olsson, N., Flygare, O., Coco, C., Görling, A., Råde, A., Chen, Q., Lindstedt, K., Berggren, S., Serlachius, E., Jonsson, U., Tammimies, K., Kjellin, L., & Bölte, S. (2017). Social Skills Training for Children and Adolescents With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. In Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Vol. 56, Issue 7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.05.001

Delehanty, A. D., Stronach, S., Guthrie, W., Slate, E., & Wetherby, A. M. (2018). Verbal and nonverbal outcomes of toddlers with and without autism spectrum disorder, language delay, and global developmental delay. In Autism & Developmental Language Impairments (Vol. 3). https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941518764764

Dockrell, J. E., Ricketts, J., Palikara, O., Charman, T., & Lindsay, G. A. (2019). What Drives Educational Support for Children with Developmental Language Disorder or Autism Spectrum Disorder: Needs, or Diagnostic Category? In Frontiers in Education (Vol. 4, Issue April). https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2019.00029

Endang Supartini. (2009). Program Son-Rise untuk pengembangan bahasa anak autis. Pendidikan Khusus, 5.

Faisal, S. (1982). Metodelogi Penelitian Pendidikan. Usaha Nasional Surabaya.

fernanda dreux M. Fernandes. (2016). International Conference on Autism. Follow up of Language Theraphy with Children with ASD : Communication Activities Conducted at Home.

Fernandes, D.-N. (2013). Availability of Speech-Language Therapy to Individuals with ASD. In Autism-Open Access (Vol. 03, Issue 03). https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-7890.1000117

Flippin, M. (2019). Father communication coaching for children with autism spectrum disorder: A single-subject study. In Autism and Developmental Language Impairments (Vol. 4). https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519877375

Fransisca, R., Wulan, S., & Supena, A. (2020). Meningkatkan Percaya Diri Anak dengan Permainan Ular Tangga Edukasi. In Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 4, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v4i2.405

Greenspan, S. I. S. wieder. (2006). The Child with Special Needs.

Hasan, R. O. (2016). Meningkatkan Kemampuan Mengenal Huruf Hijaiyah Melalui Media Papan Magnetik Pada Anak Tunagrahita Sedang Kelas VI Slb Karya Padang. In E-JUPEKhu (JURNAL ILMIAH PENDIDIKAN KHUSUS) (Vol. 5, Issue 2).

Hogan, W., & Hogan, B. K. (2007). The Son-Rise Program: Developmental Model.

Houghton, K., Schuchard, J., Lewis, C., & Thompson, C. K. (2013). Promoting child-initiated social-communication in children with autism: Son-Rise Program intervention effects. In Journal of Communication Disorders (Vol. 46, Issues 5-6). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2013.09.004

Hurlock, E. B. (1978). Child Development, Perkembangan Anak (sixth). Erlangga.

Isbel, C. (2005). The Inclusive Learning Center Book.

Jansen, R., Maljaars, J., Verhappen, A., Zink, I., Steyaert, J., & Noens, I. (2020). Problem behavior in young children referred with language difficulties: Relations to language and intentional communication. Autism and Developmental Language Impairments, 5. https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519900076

John W, S. (2002). Life-Span Development, Perkembangan Masa hidup (1st ed.). Erlangga.

Kaale, A., Fagerland, M. W., Martinsen, E. W., & Smith, L. (2014). Preschool-based social communication treatment for children with autism: 12-month follow-up of a randomized trial. In Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Vol. 53, Issue 2). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2013.09.019

Kaufman, B. N. (1993). SonRise The Miracle Continues.

Khantreejitranon, A. (2018). Using a social story intervention to decrease inappropriate behavior of preschool children with autism. In Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences (Vol. 39, Issue 1). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kjss.2017.12.019

Killmeyer, S., & Kaczmarek, L. (2017). Parent training and joint engagement in young children with autism spectrum disorder. In Autism & Developmental Language Impairments (Vol. 2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941517699214

Lane, J. D., Shepley, C., Sartini, E., & Hogue, A. (2020). Modifying a naturalistic language intervention for use in an elementary school classroom. In Autism and Developmental Language Impairments (Vol. 5). https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941519896925

Lavi, A., & J. Mainess, K. (2019). A Comparative Analysis of Social (Pragmatic) Communication Skills in Students with High-Functioning Autism and Pragmatic Language Impairment Using Video-Based Assessments. In Autism-Open Access (Vol. 09, Issue 02). https://doi.org/10.35248/2165-7890.19.9.239

Lobban-Shymko, J., Im-Bolter, N., & Freeman, N. (2017). Early social communicative skills as predictors of symptom severity in autism spectrum disorder. In Autism & Developmental Language Impairments (Vol. 2). https://doi.org/10.1177/2396941517743418

Loukusa, S., Mäkinen, L., Kuusikko-Gauffin, S., Ebeling, H., & Leinonen, E. (2018). Assessing social-pragmatic inferencing skills in children with autism spectrum disorder. In Journal of Communication Disorders (Vol. 73, Issue January 2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2018.01.006

Mody, M., & Belliveau, J. W. (2012). Speech and Language Impairments in Autism: Insights from Behavior and Neuroimaging. In American Chinese Journal of Medicine and Science (Vol. 5, Issue 3). https://doi.org/10.7156/v5i3p157

Mohammad, H., & Abu-Amara, F. (2019). A mobile social and communication tool for autism. In International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (Vol. 14, Issue 19). https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i19.10887

Monks, F. . (1992). Psikologi Perkembangan (S. R. (ed.)). Gajah Mada University Press.

Natalia, N. (2016). 2 nd International Conference on Autism, The efficacyof a 12-week exercise intervention in 11-16 yearold adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Journal Psycology, 2, 78.

Natalia, N. (2020). International Conference on International conference on (RDHR-2020). In International Conference on International conference on (RDHR-2020) (Vol. 6, Issue 4). https://doi.org/10.22161/conf.rdhr.2020

Paulraj, S. J. P. V., Alwi, N. A. B., & Vetrayan, J. (2016). Emotional Behaviour among Autism and Typically Developing Children in Malaysia. In Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences (Vol. 222). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.05.169

Purwanto, N. (2006). Prinsip-Prinsip dan Teknik Evaluasi Pengajaran. Pt. Remaja Rosdakarya.

Siti Nurhasanah, D. W. U. (2004). Statistika Bisnis. UMM Press.

Sugiyono. (2016). Metode Penelitian Managemen (5th ed.). Alfabeta.

Sunanto, J., Takeuchi, K., & Nakata, H. (2005). Pengantar Penelitian Dengan Subyek Tunggal. CRICED University of Tsukuba, 1-150.

Thompson, C. K., & Jenkins, T. (2016). Training Parents to Promote Communication and Social Behavior in Children with Autism: The Son-Rise Program. In Journal of Communication Disorders, Deaf Studies & Hearing Aids (Vol. 04, Issue 01). https://doi.org/10.4172/2375-4427.1000147

Tony Charman. (n.d.). Developmental Approaches to Understanding and Treating Autism. Developmental Approaches to Understanding and Treating Autism, 166, 170, 172, 174.

Weismer, S. E. (n.d.). Developmental Language Disorder: Challenges and Implications of Cross-Group Comparisons. In Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders/Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisc., USA.

Williams, K. (2001). The Son-Rise Program Intervention for Autism: An Investigation into Prerequisites for Evaluation and Family Experiences. The University of Edinburgh.

Wishart, K. R. W. & J. G. (2003). The Son-Rise Program Intervention for Autism: An Intervention into Family Experiences. Intellectual Disability Research, 47, 291-299.
https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00491.x

Woodard, C. R., Chung, J., & Korn, M. (2014). A pilot study of the meta-play method: a novel play intervention for toddlers with autism. In Journal of Autism (Vol. 1, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.7243/2054-992X-1-3

Yuniati, S., & Rohmadheny, P. S. (2020). Bermain Peran: Sebuah Metode untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Ekspresif Anak. In Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini (Vol. 5, Issue 1). https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.509

Downloads

Published

31-01-2022

How to Cite

Supena, A., Nuryanti, N., & Karnadi, K. (2022). Efektifitas Son-Rise Program dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Bahasa, Sosial Komunikasi pada Anak Autis. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(4), 2753–2776. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i4.964